Lithium-ion trucks

There are a number of different greenhouse gases which have a significant impact on the climate (including CO₂ , CH4 , N₂O, FKW, PFC, SF6 and NF3 ). In order for them to be comparable with each other, they are indexed as so-called CO₂ equivalents (CO₂e).

We have calculated the CO₂e emissions from the material via transport and production to our customers' locations ("cradle-to-customer") on a rough basis. The ETV 2i reach truck, for example, produces the highest emissions and the EJE 1i low-lift pallet truck the lowest.

The calculated values include a maximum comprehensive safety margin. More comprehensive data on the usage phase and the end of the life cycle (“cradle-to-grave”) is not yet available.

Since the emissions in the usage phase result primarily from the electricity mix used by our customers, Jungheinrich has no influence on this. In order to calculate the emissions during the usage phase, the customer can obtain a CO₂e value per kWh consumed from its electricity provider and calculate the CO₂e footprint for the usage phase on this basis.

End of life cycle data is currently being determined.

The emissions of the POWERLiNE trucks have been roughly calculated. The metals and battery components were taken into account, which together account for more than 90% of the material share of the forklift trucks. The rough assembly time was also taken into account in the calculation in order to proportionally include the production process.

The information available was the true total weight of the respective truck, the steel and cast material comprising the truck and the battery, taking into account the respective places of origin. In addition, information on the composition of the battery (e.g. steel, wires / copper and lithium-ion cells) as well as the battery power was included.

n the one hand, our production takes place primarily in Germany in line with a set of strict and environmentally friendly regulations in comparison with other countries. On the other hand, most of our plants use green electricity as a central energy source and Jungheinrich also generates its own electricity with photovoltaic systems. Our production plants are also constantly reducing their energy consumption and therefore their emissions. Jungheinrich is continuously working on further savings potential.

For example, the following measures are already being implemented:

• Modern lighting systems (LEDs with motion detectors) and other energy optimisation measures on buildings and factory halls.
• Adaptation of tool use (replacement of compressed air tools with power tools).
• Optimisation of inking (temperature curve adaptation; use of pigment powder with lower firing temperature).
• Recording of energy consumption according to cause in order to be able to implement further targeted measures.

Jungheinrich offsets all current remaining emissions through targeted investment in climate protection projects. This investment creates the basis for enabling our customers to have a CO₂e neutral footprint until the POWERLiNE trucks are delivered to their factory gates.

“If certain CO₂e-intensive activities cannot be avoided, voluntary offsetting of greenhouse gases offers the opportunity to offset any emissions that have occurred. Individuals, companies or organisations therefore offset their remaining emissions by making an individual, voluntary contribution to climate protection. To this end, the party whose activities cause CO₂e emissions finances certain measures that result in CO₂e emissions being reduced elsewhere. Such measures could include the (co-)financing of wind power or solar farms, for example.”
Federal Environment Agency, German Emissions Trading Authority (DEHSt)

More information on voluntary offsetting can be found here.

The offsetting of the currently remaining CO₂e emissions during the production of POWERLiNE trucks and their transport to our customers (“cradle-to-customer” frame of reference) is carried out in accordance with the highest standards. Jungheinrich has developed its own catalogue of criteria for this purpose, which defines the quality requirements for relevant projects.

It includes the following requirements, for example:

• All offsetting projects in which Jungheinrich invests have been certified several times by independent and high-quality testing institutes. For 2022 (the CDM will be abolished as a result of the World Climate Conference in 2021 and replaced by a new regulation. This means that the selection of certifiers is valid until new regulations have been conclusively agreed and put into force.) Jungheinrich has only acquired certificates from double-checked projects - in accordance with the so-called Gold Standards (GS) and the so-called Clean Development Mechanism (CDM). This ensures the best possible level of transparency, climate integrity, sustainability and governance.
• Jungheinrich invests exclusively in projects for which the certified emission reductions are only issued once the effect has been proven (result-based finance). By doing so, Jungheinrich is thereby effectively countering the risk of not providing the planned CO₂e offsetting.
• Jungheinrich only invests in projects where the risk of practical failure is low (e.g. in the case of a reforestation project, the burning of trees, pest infestation, etc.).

Jungheinrich actively offsets the remaining CO₂e emissions for the “cradle-to-customer” scope of consideration (i.e. until delivery to the customer) through voluntary offsetting in climate protection projects. Specifically, we acquire so-called CO₂e certificates from climate protection projects, which we deduct from our remaining emissions.

For 2022, we have acquired for example carbon offsets from three climate protection projects:

• a solar power project in India (to the website https://registry.goldstandard.org/projects/details/1384)
• a biomass project in China (to the website https://registry.goldstandard.org/projects/details/391)
• a wind power project in India (to the website https://registry.goldstandard.org/projects/details/984)

n production:

• Jungheinrich trucks are produced in the EU according to a set of strict and environmentally friendly regulations in comparison with other countries.
• Most of our plants use green electricity as a central energy source and Jungheinrich also generates its own electricity with photovoltaic systems.
• Our production plants also continue to steadily reduce their energy consumption through:
  • Modern lighting systems (LEDs with motion detectors) and other energy optimisation measures on buildings and factory halls.
  • Adaptation of tool use (replacement of compressed air tools with power tools).
  • Optimisation of inking (temperature curve adaptation; use of pigment powder with lower firing temperature).
  • Recording of energy consumption according to cause in order to be able to implement further targeted measures.

In the technology / product area:

• In our remanufacturing plants, we achieve up to 99% reuse and recycling per truck and thereby make an active contribution to the circular economy. In addition, we ensure professional and environmentally friendly disposal of consumables, components and trucks that have done their job. This saves up to 80% CO₂e emissions compared to new production.
• After our Li-ion batteries have spent up to three lives in new and used trucks, as well as stationary energy storage systems, we take care of their dismantling and recycling. Our aim is to reuse 95% of the cell materials such as lithium, copper and aluminium and return them to the cycle. Some of these substances can be used for the production of new lithium-ion cells. This approach contributes to the sustainable and responsible use of natural resources.

Jungheinrich is constantly developing products and production with the goal of reducing CO₂e emissions to a minimum, but also using resources in an environmentally efficient manner and further expanding the circular economy.

The accrued emissions of the Jungheinrich after-sales service (service) are calculated for the corresponding country and for the corresponding year. The emissions are allocated to the categories fuel consumption, transport of spare parts, motor vehicles and tyres, hardware and tools, air travel and packaging material. This takes into account, among other things, customer visits as well as the manufacture and equipment of the service trucks.

Delimitation: Since the product under investigation is a service, a determination of the system boundaries is only possible to a limited extent. Certain assumptions were made for a calculation of the emissions. The assumptions made are: (1) assumption of flat-rate emission factors per unit based on scientific life cycle studies (LCA studies) (no separate new life cycle studies are carried out for the procured products, instead existing literature and database values are used to assess the ecological impact of the products) and (2) assumption of transport performance in tonne-kilometres depending on projections based on the postcode (transport from the company to the destination country was considered. The distance was calculated depending on the postcodes of the respective destination country).

Boundary and allocation: All relevant inputs and outputs are taken into account. The allocation-based approach is used as the system boundary for determining the emissions caused by the production of the respective consumer goods and their materials in the producer country. This system model subdivides multi-product activities by allocation, based on physical, economic, mass or other attributes. By-products of waste treatment processes are truncated, as are any by-products that are considered recyclable. (cf. EcoInvent 2019-06-03). Thus, only emissions that can be attributed to the product considered in the balance are taken into account. If by-products are generated during the production or waste treatment of a product, the emissions attributable to the by-product are not taken into account.

The following climate-friendly measures are already being implemented in the participating countries.

• Dynamic route planning: Dynamic route planning based on intelligent software optimises the daily trips of the customer service vehicles deployed. The system reacts to the events of the day and permanently adjusts the planning, so that orders are always sent to the most suitable employees in the vicinity of a location. In this way, around 2,800 kilometres of driving per vehicle could be saved annually in the Oslo area of Norway alone, and thus emissions could be significantly reduced.
• Fuel-saving training: In addition, all colleagues involved in the pilot project took part in an e-training on the topic of "environmentally friendly driving". The result of the training is an energy saving of up to 15 per cent per vehicle.
• Conversion of the fleet to electric service trucks: As a further measure to reduce CO₂ e emissions, Jungheinrich is successively converting its entire service fleet in the relevant countries to electric trucks.

Jungheinrich offsets the remaining current emissions through targeted investments in climate protection projects. In the first pilot, support was given to a hydropower project in India that contributes to the expansion of renewable energies. The selected project has a direct impact on some of the United Nations' 17 Sustainable Development Goals and has a positive effect on the fight against poverty and the creation of health and well-being, for example.

If certain CO₂e-intensive activities cannot be avoided, voluntary offsetting of greenhouse gases offers the opportunity to compensate for emissions that have occurred. Individuals, companies or organisations thus offset their remaining emissions and make an individual contribution to climate protection without being obliged to do so. To this end, those whose activities cause CO₂e emissions finance certain measures that lead to CO₂e emissions being reduced elsewhere. Such measures can be, for example, the (co-)financing of wind power plants or solar parks. Further information on voluntary offsetting can be found here.

The compensation of the currently remaining CO₂e emissions at the customer service is carried out according to the highest standards. These are currently:

• All projects in which Jungheinrich invests for offsetting purposes are certified several times by independent and high-quality auditing institutes. For the year 2022 (*), Jungheinrich has exclusively acquired certificates from double-checked projects - in accordance with the so-called Gold Standards (GS) and the so-called Clean Development Mechanism (CDM). This ensures the best possible level of transparency, climate integrity, sustainability and governance.
• Jungheinrich only invests in projects in which the emission reduction certificates are only issued when there is a demonstrable effect (result-based finance). Jungheinrich thus effectively counters the risk of not providing the planned CO₂e offset.
• Jungheinrich only invests in projects that have a major impact (e.g. a wind farm triggers a significantly greater CO₂e reduction compared to the financing of efficient stoves in rural regions of the global south) and where the risk of practical failure is low (e.g. in the case of a reforestation project, the burning of trees, pest infestation, etc.).

Jungheinrich actively offsets the remaining CO₂e emissions through voluntary compensation in climate protection projects. Specifically, we acquire so-called CO₂e certificates from climate protection projects, which we deduct from our remaining emissions. As part of the CO₂e-neutral After Sales Service, Jungheinrich has, for example, supported various hydropower projects in India that promote the expansion of renewable energies (2020, 2021).

The following climate-friendly measures are implemented as part of the CO₂ e-neutral customer service in the participating countries.

• Dynamic route planning: Dynamic route planning based on intelligent software optimises the daily trips of the customer service vehicles deployed. The system reacts to the events of the day and permanently adjusts the planning, so that orders are always sent to the most suitable employees in the vicinity of a location. In this way, around 2,800 kilometres of driving per vehicle could be saved annually in the Oslo area of Norway alone, and thus emissions could be significantly reduced.
• Fuel-saving training: In addition, all colleagues involved in the pilot project took part in an e-training on the topic of "environmentally friendly driving". The result of the training is an energy saving of up to 15 per cent per vehicle.
• Converting the fleet to electric service trucks: As a further measure to reduce CO₂ e emissions, Jungheinrich is successively converting its entire service fleet in the relevant countries to electric trucks.

Jungheinrich offsets the remaining emissions by making targeted investments in climate protection projects.